the same countries are measured before and after. 2. Differences: [6, 3, 7, 2, 8, 1, 7, 2, 7, 6]. Mean = 4.9, SD = 2.56. 3. SE = 2.56/√10 = 0.809. t = 4.9/0.809 = 6.06. With df = 9, p < 0.001. 4. The increase is statistically significant. However, we can't conclude the campaign *caused* the increase