Pitch coordinates: origin at the bottom-left corner of the pitch, $x$-axis running along the length (0 to 120 yards or 0 to 105 meters), $y$-axis running along the width (0 to 80 yards or 0 to 68 meters). - Time: match time $t$ measured in minutes from kickoff, with $t \in [0, 90]$ for regulation ti