Index

An alphabetical index of key terms, people, and fields referenced throughout Cross-Domain Pattern Recognition: The View From Everywhere. Entries point to chapter numbers where the term appears significantly.

A

Abstraction, Ch. 1, Ch. 22, Ch. 42, Ch. 43 Adaptive landscape, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 13, Ch. 25 Adjacent possible, Ch. 25, Ch. 26, Ch. 32, Ch. 33, Ch. 42 Agent-based modeling, Ch. 3, Ch. 5, Ch. 9 Alignment problem, Ch. 15, Ch. 21 Allometric scaling, Ch. 29, Ch. 33 Analogy, Ch. 1, Ch. 14, Ch. 22, Ch. 42, Ch. 43 Annealing, Ch. 13, Ch. 7, Ch. 8 Ant colonies, Ch. 3, Ch. 9 Antifragility, Ch. 17, Ch. 19, Ch. 34, Ch. 41 Apophenia, Ch. 14, Ch. 36 Architecture (as resilience pattern), Ch. 17, Ch. 34, Ch. 37 Asch conformity experiments, Ch. 5, Ch. 36 Attractor, Ch. 2, Ch. 5, Ch. 7 Autocatalysis, Ch. 2, Ch. 25, Ch. 33 Aviation safety, Ch. 17, Ch. 18, Ch. 37 Axelrod, Robert, Ch. 11, Ch. 34

B

Bak, Per, Ch. 5, Ch. 4 Balancing loop, Ch. 2, Ch. 19, Ch. 33 Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo, Ch. 4, Ch. 9, Ch. 18 Base rate, Ch. 10, Ch. 6, Ch. 14, Ch. 35 Bayes, Thomas / Bayesian reasoning, Ch. 10, Ch. 6, Ch. 14, Ch. 24, Ch. 35, Ch. 43 Bias, cognitive, Ch. 10, Ch. 14, Ch. 35, Ch. 36, Ch. 37 Bias-variance tradeoff, Ch. 14, Ch. 6, Ch. 12, Ch. 22 Biology, Ch. 2, Ch. 3, Ch. 4, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 17, Ch. 25, Ch. 29, Ch. 31, Ch. 32, Ch. 33, Ch. 39, Ch. 40 Black swan, Ch. 4, Ch. 18, Ch. 34 Boundary object, Ch. 27, Ch. 22, Ch. 43 Bounded rationality, Ch. 12, Ch. 7, Ch. 34 Box, George, Ch. 22, Ch. 14 Burke, Edmund, Ch. 38, Ch. 16, Ch. 19

C

Campbell's Law, Ch. 15, Ch. 20, Ch. 21 Carrying capacity, Ch. 33, Ch. 29, Ch. 32 Cascade / cascading failure, Ch. 18, Ch. 2, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 9, Ch. 17 Central limit theorem, Ch. 4, Ch. 6 Centralized vs. distributed systems, Ch. 9, Ch. 3, Ch. 16, Ch. 20 Chesterton, G.K., Ch. 38 Chesterton's fence, Ch. 38, Ch. 16, Ch. 19, Ch. 23, Ch. 28 City planning, Ch. 3, Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 29 Climate systems, Ch. 2, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 41 Cobra effect, Ch. 21, Ch. 15, Ch. 19 Coevolution, Ch. 8, Ch. 32, Ch. 40 Complexity science, Ch. 1, Ch. 3, Ch. 5, Ch. 42 Complex adaptive system, Ch. 3, Ch. 9, Ch. 32, Ch. 42 Confirmation bias, Ch. 10, Ch. 14, Ch. 24, Ch. 36 Conservation law, Ch. 41, Ch. 39, Ch. 40 Convergent evolution, Ch. 1, Ch. 26, Ch. 40, Ch. 42 Cooperation, Ch. 11, Ch. 34, Ch. 41 Copernican revolution, Ch. 24, Ch. 26 Critical mass, Ch. 5, Ch. 33 Cross-domain pattern, Ch. 1, Ch. 42, Ch. 43 Cunningham, Ward, Ch. 30 Cybernetics, Ch. 2, Ch. 9, Ch. 39

D

Dark knowledge, Ch. 28, Ch. 23, Ch. 16 Darwin, Charles, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 24, Ch. 26, Ch. 32 Debt (as pattern), Ch. 30, Ch. 31, Ch. 33 Degeneracy, Ch. 17, Ch. 9 Diminishing returns, Ch. 33, Ch. 7, Ch. 12 Distributed systems, Ch. 9, Ch. 3, Ch. 16, Ch. 17

E

Ecology, Ch. 2, Ch. 3, Ch. 17, Ch. 29, Ch. 30, Ch. 32, Ch. 33, Ch. 38 Economics, Ch. 2, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 7, Ch. 9, Ch. 11, Ch. 12, Ch. 15, Ch. 21, Ch. 29, Ch. 34, Ch. 39 Edge of chaos, Ch. 5, Ch. 13 Emergence, Ch. 3, Ch. 1, Ch. 5, Ch. 9, Ch. 40, Ch. 42 Entropy, Ch. 6, Ch. 31, Ch. 39, Ch. 41 Epidemiology, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 33 Epistemic humility, Ch. 22, Ch. 38, Ch. 43 Epstein, Joshua, Ch. 3, Ch. 5 Equilibrium, Ch. 2, Ch. 5, Ch. 7, Ch. 11 Ergodicity, Ch. 4, Ch. 34 Evolution, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 12, Ch. 13, Ch. 17, Ch. 24, Ch. 25, Ch. 26, Ch. 31, Ch. 32, Ch. 40 Explore/exploit tradeoff, Ch. 8, Ch. 7, Ch. 12, Ch. 13, Ch. 25, Ch. 33 Externality, Ch. 21, Ch. 11, Ch. 34

F

Fat tails, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 29, Ch. 34 Feedback loop, Ch. 2, Ch. 5, Ch. 15, Ch. 18, Ch. 19, Ch. 21, Ch. 33 Financial crisis (2008), Ch. 2, Ch. 4, Ch. 18, Ch. 22, Ch. 34 Financial systems, Ch. 2, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 22, Ch. 30, Ch. 34 Fitness landscape, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 13 Forrester, Jay, Ch. 2, Ch. 19 Fragility, Ch. 17, Ch. 18, Ch. 30, Ch. 31

G

Game theory, Ch. 11, Ch. 8, Ch. 21, Ch. 34 Gaussian distribution, Ch. 4, Ch. 6, Ch. 14 Gladwell, Malcolm, Ch. 5 Goodhart, Charles, Ch. 15 Goodhart's Law, Ch. 15, Ch. 20, Ch. 21, Ch. 34, Ch. 35 Gradient descent, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 12, Ch. 13 Granovetter, Mark, Ch. 5, Ch. 9

H

Hardin, Garrett, Ch. 11 Hayek, Friedrich, Ch. 9, Ch. 16, Ch. 23 Heuristics, Ch. 12, Ch. 10, Ch. 34, Ch. 35, Ch. 43 Hofstadter, Douglas, Ch. 1, Ch. 3, Ch. 40, Ch. 42 Homeostasis, Ch. 2, Ch. 19, Ch. 31, Ch. 41 Hysteresis, Ch. 5, Ch. 33

I

Iatrogenesis, Ch. 19, Ch. 21, Ch. 38 Incentive design, Ch. 11, Ch. 15, Ch. 21, Ch. 34 Information asymmetry, Ch. 34, Ch. 11, Ch. 39 Information theory, Ch. 6, Ch. 39, Ch. 41 Innovation, Ch. 8, Ch. 13, Ch. 25, Ch. 26, Ch. 32, Ch. 33 Institutional memory, Ch. 28, Ch. 31, Ch. 38 Ioannidis, John, Ch. 14, Ch. 35 Isomorphism, Ch. 1, Ch. 40, Ch. 42

J

Jacobs, Jane, Ch. 3, Ch. 9, Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 38 Johnson, Steven, Ch. 25, Ch. 26

K

Kahneman, Daniel, Ch. 10, Ch. 12, Ch. 14, Ch. 34, Ch. 35, Ch. 36, Ch. 37 Kauffman, Stuart, Ch. 3, Ch. 5, Ch. 25 Kleiber's law, Ch. 29 Knowledge, tacit, Ch. 23, Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 28 Knowledge transfer, Ch. 1, Ch. 27, Ch. 43 Korzybski, Alfred, Ch. 22 Kuhn, Thomas, Ch. 24, Ch. 1, Ch. 26, Ch. 42

L

Learning curves, Ch. 33, Ch. 8, Ch. 14 Legibility, Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 9, Ch. 15, Ch. 23, Ch. 28 Leverage points, Ch. 2, Ch. 19, Ch. 42 Lindy effect, Ch. 31, Ch. 38 Local optimum, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 12, Ch. 13, Ch. 30 Lock-in, Ch. 30, Ch. 25, Ch. 31

M

Machine learning, Ch. 7, Ch. 14, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 12 Map-territory relation, Ch. 22, Ch. 14, Ch. 16, Ch. 20 Meadows, Donella, Ch. 2, Ch. 19, Ch. 42 Medicine, Ch. 10, Ch. 14, Ch. 19, Ch. 22, Ch. 23, Ch. 34, Ch. 36 Merton, Robert K., Ch. 26, Ch. 15 Metis, Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 23, Ch. 28, Ch. 38 Milgram, Stanley, Ch. 9, Ch. 34 Modularity, Ch. 17, Ch. 9, Ch. 18, Ch. 31 Moral hazard, Ch. 34, Ch. 11, Ch. 21 Multiple discovery, Ch. 26, Ch. 25, Ch. 24 Mutation (biological and metaphorical), Ch. 8, Ch. 13, Ch. 17, Ch. 32

N

Narrative capture, Ch. 36, Ch. 14, Ch. 22, Ch. 24, Ch. 37 Negative feedback loop, Ch. 2, Ch. 19, Ch. 31, Ch. 33, Ch. 41 Network effects, Ch. 5, Ch. 9, Ch. 33 Network science, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 9, Ch. 18 Newton, Isaac, Ch. 24, Ch. 26, Ch. 40, Ch. 41 Noether, Emmy / Noether's theorem, Ch. 41, Ch. 40 Noise, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 14, Ch. 35 Nonlinearity, Ch. 2, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 18 Normal accidents, Ch. 18, Ch. 17

O

Optimization, Ch. 7, Ch. 12, Ch. 14, Ch. 15, Ch. 17 Ostrom, Elinor, Ch. 11, Ch. 9, Ch. 16, Ch. 38 Overfitting, Ch. 14, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 22, Ch. 36

P

Paradigm shift, Ch. 24, Ch. 1, Ch. 5, Ch. 26, Ch. 42 Path dependence, Ch. 25, Ch. 30, Ch. 31, Ch. 32 Perrow, Charles, Ch. 18, Ch. 17 Perverse incentive, Ch. 21, Ch. 15, Ch. 34 Phase transition, Ch. 5, Ch. 4, Ch. 13, Ch. 24, Ch. 33, Ch. 40, Ch. 42 Physics, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 7, Ch. 29, Ch. 39, Ch. 40, Ch. 41 Polanyi, Michael, Ch. 23, Ch. 16, Ch. 28 Positive feedback loop, Ch. 2, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 21, Ch. 30, Ch. 33 Power grid, Ch. 17, Ch. 18 Power law, Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch. 29, Ch. 33 Precautionary principle, Ch. 4, Ch. 19, Ch. 34 Preferential attachment, Ch. 4, Ch. 9, Ch. 29 Prisoner's dilemma, Ch. 11, Ch. 34

R

Redundancy, Ch. 17, Ch. 9, Ch. 18, Ch. 31 Reinforcing loop, Ch. 2, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 30 Replication crisis, Ch. 14, Ch. 35 Resilience, Ch. 17, Ch. 9, Ch. 18, Ch. 31, Ch. 32, Ch. 38

S

S-curve, Ch. 33, Ch. 5, Ch. 25, Ch. 29, Ch. 32 Santa Fe Institute, Ch. 1, Ch. 3, Ch. 5, Ch. 42 Satisficing, Ch. 12, Ch. 7, Ch. 8, Ch. 34, Ch. 43 Scale invariance, Ch. 4, Ch. 29, Ch. 40 Scaling law, Ch. 29, Ch. 4, Ch. 33 Scott, James C., Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 23, Ch. 28, Ch. 38 Selection bias, Ch. 37, Ch. 14, Ch. 35 Self-organization, Ch. 3, Ch. 5, Ch. 9, Ch. 40 Self-organized criticality, Ch. 5, Ch. 4 Senescence, Ch. 31, Ch. 30, Ch. 32, Ch. 33 Shannon, Claude, Ch. 6, Ch. 39, Ch. 41 Signal-to-noise ratio, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 14, Ch. 35 Simulated annealing, Ch. 13, Ch. 7 Simon, Herbert, Ch. 12, Ch. 3, Ch. 7, Ch. 9, Ch. 22 Skin in the game, Ch. 34, Ch. 11, Ch. 19, Ch. 21, Ch. 37 Smith, Adam, Ch. 3, Ch. 9, Ch. 11 Software engineering, Ch. 17, Ch. 18, Ch. 19, Ch. 30, Ch. 31, Ch. 38 Spontaneous order, Ch. 3, Ch. 9 Star, Susan Leigh, Ch. 27 Streetlight effect, Ch. 35, Ch. 14, Ch. 22 Structural coupling, Ch. 32, Ch. 8 Substrate independence, Ch. 1, Ch. 3, Ch. 39, Ch. 40, Ch. 42 Succession, Ch. 32, Ch. 31, Ch. 33 Supply chains, Ch. 17, Ch. 18, Ch. 21 Survivorship bias, Ch. 37, Ch. 14, Ch. 35, Ch. 36 Symmetry, Ch. 40, Ch. 5, Ch. 41, Ch. 42 Symmetry-breaking, Ch. 40, Ch. 3, Ch. 5, Ch. 42

T

Tacit knowledge, Ch. 23, Ch. 16, Ch. 20, Ch. 27, Ch. 28 Taleb, Nassim Nicholas, Ch. 4, Ch. 17, Ch. 19, Ch. 31, Ch. 34 Technical debt, Ch. 30, Ch. 31 Threshold / tipping point, Ch. 5, Ch. 18, Ch. 33 Tight coupling, Ch. 18, Ch. 17 Tit for Tat, Ch. 11, Ch. 34 Tragedy of the commons, Ch. 11, Ch. 21 Transfer learning, Ch. 1, Ch. 43 Turing, Alan, Ch. 7, Ch. 39, Ch. 40 Tversky, Amos, Ch. 10, Ch. 12, Ch. 36, Ch. 37

U

Uncertainty, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 12, Ch. 22, Ch. 34 Underfitting, Ch. 14, Ch. 22 Universality, Ch. 5, Ch. 40, Ch. 42

V

Via negativa, Ch. 19, Ch. 38, Ch. 34 Volatility, Ch. 13, Ch. 4, Ch. 17, Ch. 34

W

Wald, Abraham, Ch. 37, Ch. 22 Weak ties, Ch. 9, Ch. 5, Ch. 27 West, Geoffrey, Ch. 29, Ch. 4, Ch. 31, Ch. 33 Wicked problem, Ch. 22, Ch. 43 Wiener, Norbert, Ch. 2, Ch. 9, Ch. 39

Z

Zipf's law, Ch. 4, Ch. 29

Chapter numbers indicate significant discussion of the topic. Brief mentions are not indexed. See also the Glossary for definitions of key terms.