Bibliography

The Architecture of Surveillance

This bibliography collects sources cited or recommended throughout the textbook, organized by chapter section and then by thematic cross-disciplinary reading lists. Sources are formatted in Chicago author-date style. Where documentary films and podcasts are listed, they are identified by medium. For online sources, retrieval information is omitted as URLs are subject to change; all cited sources are accessible through academic library databases and major online archives.

Part 1: Foundations (Chapters 1–5)

Chapter 1: What Is Surveillance?

Clarke, Roger. 1988. "Information Technology and Dataveillance." Communications of the ACM 31 (5): 498–512.

Gandy, Oscar H., Jr. 1993. The Panoptic Sort: A Political Economy of Personal Information. Boulder: Westview Press.

Lyon, David. 2001. Surveillance Society: Monitoring Everyday Life. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Lyon, David. 2007. Surveillance Studies: An Overview. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Lyon, David, ed. 2003. Surveillance as Social Sorting: Privacy, Risk, and Digital Discrimination. New York: Routledge.

Marx, Gary T. 2016. Windows Into the Soul: Surveillance and Society in an Age of High Technology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Norris, Clive, and Gary Armstrong. 1999. The Maximum Surveillance Society: The Rise of CCTV. Oxford: Berg.

Staples, William G. 2014. Everyday Surveillance: Vigilance and Visibility in Postmodern Life. 2nd ed. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

Warren, Samuel D., and Louis D. Brandeis. 1890. "The Right to Privacy." Harvard Law Review 4 (5): 193–220.

Chapter 2: The Panopticon

Bentham, Jeremy. 1791. Panopticon; or, The Inspection-House. London: T. Payne. [Reprinted in The Works of Jeremy Bentham, ed. John Bowring, vol. 4. Edinburgh: William Tait, 1843.]

Foucault, Michel. 1977. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan Sheridan. New York: Pantheon. [Originally published as Surveiller et punir: Naissance de la prison. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.]

Haggerty, Kevin D., and Richard V. Ericson. 2000. "The Surveillant Assemblage." British Journal of Sociology 51 (4): 605–622.

Rajchman, John. 1988. "Foucault's Art of Seeing." October 44: 89–117.

Semple, Janet. 1993. Bentham's Prison: A Study of the Panopticon Penitentiary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Werret, Simon. 1999. "Potemkin and the Panopticon: Samuel Bentham and the Architecture of Absolutism in Eighteenth-Century Russia." Journal of Bentham Studies 2: 1–25.

Chapter 3: Synopticism

Andrejevic, Mark. 2004. Reality TV: The Work of Being Watched. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

Mathiesen, Thomas. 1997. "The Viewer Society: Michel Foucault's 'Panopticon' Revisited." Theoretical Criminology 1 (2): 215–234.

Chapter 4: Historical Surveillance

Agar, Jon. 2003. The Government Machine: A Revolutionary History of the Computer. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Caplan, Jane, and John Torpey, eds. 2001. Documenting Individual Identity: The Development of State Practices in the Modern World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Cole, Simon. 2001. Suspect Identities: A History of Fingerprinting and Criminal Identification. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Torpey, John. 2000. The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship, and the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Thompson, E. P. 1967. "Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism." Past and Present 38: 56–97.

Wald, Priscilla. 2008. Contagious: Cultures, Carriers, and the Outbreak Narrative. Durham: Duke University Press.

Chapter 5: Theoretical Frameworks

Bauman, Zygmunt, and David Lyon. 2013. Liquid Surveillance: A Conversation. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Dandeker, Christopher. 1990. Surveillance, Power and Modernity: Bureaucracy and Discipline from 1700 to the Present Day. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Foucault, Michel. 1980. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972–1977. Edited and translated by Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon.

Giddens, Anthony. 1985. The Nation-State and Violence. Vol. 2 of A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Gill, Peter, and Mark Phythian. 2006. Intelligence in an Insecure World. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Monahan, Torin, ed. 2006. Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life. New York: Routledge.

Rubin, Gayle. 1975. "The Traffic in Women: Notes on the 'Political Economy' of Sex." In Toward an Anthropology of Women, edited by Rayna R. Reiter, 157–210. New York: Monthly Review Press.

Part 2: State Surveillance (Chapters 6–10)

Chapter 6: COINTELPRO

Churchill, Ward, and Jim Vander Wall. 1990. The COINTELPRO Papers: Documents from the FBI's Secret Wars Against Domestic Dissent. Boston: South End Press.

Davis, Angela Y. 2003. Are Prisons Obsolete? New York: Seven Stories Press.

Donner, Frank J. 1990. Protectors of Privilege: Red Squads and Police Repression in Urban America. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gerassi, John. 1971. "COINTELPRO." Ramparts. [See also: FBI COINTELPRO files released under FOIA, available from the Internet Archive.]

Theoharis, Athan. 1978. Spying on Americans: Political Surveillance from Hoover to the Huston Plan. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

US Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations. 1976. Final Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities. 94th Congress, 2nd session. [The "Church Committee Report."]

Chapters 7–9: Biometrics, CCTV, and Intelligence

Bamford, James. 2008. The Shadow Factory: The NSA from 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America. New York: Doubleday.

Coleman, Roy, and Michael McCahill. 2011. Surveillance and Crime. London: Sage.

Greenwald, Glenn. 2014. No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Haggerty, Kevin D., and Minas Samatas, eds. 2010. Surveillance and Democracy. New York: Routledge-Cavendish.

Murakami Wood, David, ed. 2006. A Report on the Surveillance Society. London: Surveillance Studies Network / Information Commissioner's Office.

Naked Citizens. 2012. Documentary film. Directed by Chris Atkins. United Kingdom.

Schneier, Bruce. 2015. Data and Goliath: The Hidden Battles to Collect Your Data and Control Your World. New York: Norton.

Snowden, Edward. 2019. Permanent Record. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Walsh, Patrick. 2011. Intelligence and Intelligence Analysis. New York: Routledge.

Welsh, Brandon C., and David P. Farrington. 2009. "Public Area CCTV and Crime Prevention: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Justice Quarterly 26 (4): 716–745.

Chapter 10: Social Credit Systems

Daum, Jeremy. 2019. "China's Social Credit System Is Not What You Think It Is." MIT Technology Review, February 21.

Hoffman, Samantha. 2019. "Engineering Global Consent: The Chinese Communist Party's Data-Driven Power Expansion." Policy Brief, Australian Strategic Policy Institute.

Liang, Fan, Vishnupriya Das, Nadiya Kostyuk, and Muzammil M. Hussain. 2018. "Constructing a Data-Driven Society: China's Social Credit System as a State Surveillance Infrastructure." Policy and Internet 10 (4): 415–453.

Meissner, Mirjam. 2017. "China's Social Credit System." MERICS Papers on China, no. 3. Berlin: Mercator Institute for China Studies.

Part 3: Commercial Surveillance (Chapters 11–15)

Chapter 11: The Data Economy

Cohen, Julie E. 2019. Between Truth and Power: The Legal Constructions of Informational Capitalism. New York: Oxford University Press.

Couldry, Nick, and Ulises A. Mejias. 2019. The Costs of Connection: How Data Is Colonizing Human Life and Appropriating It for Capitalism. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Mayer-Schönberger, Viktor, and Kenneth Cukier. 2013. Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Morozov, Evgeny. 2013. To Save Everything, Click Here: The Folly of Technological Solutionism. New York: PublicAffairs.

Pasquale, Frank. 2015. The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Zuboff, Shoshana. 2015. "Big Other: Surveillance Capitalism and the Prospects of an Information Civilization." Journal of Information Technology 30 (1): 75–89.

Zuboff, Shoshana. 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York: PublicAffairs.

Chapters 12–13: Tracking and Social Media

boyd, danah. 2014. It's Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Brunton, Finn, and Helen Nissenbaum. 2015. Obfuscation: A User's Guide for Privacy and Protest. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Englehardt, Steven, and Arvind Narayanan. 2016. "Online Tracking: A 1-Million-Site Measurement and Analysis." In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, 1388–1401.

Fuchs, Christian. 2014. Social Media: A Critical Introduction. London: Sage.

Turow, Joseph. 2011. The Daily You: How the New Advertising Industry Is Defining Your Identity and Your Worth. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Chapters 14–15: Behavioral Targeting and IoT

FTC (Federal Trade Commission). 2015. Internet of Things: Privacy and Security in a Connected World. Washington: FTC Staff Report.

Schneier, Bruce. 2018. Click Here to Kill Everybody: Security and Survival in a Hyper-Connected World. New York: Norton.

Tene, Omer, and Jules Polonetsky. 2012. "Privacy in the Age of Big Data: A Time for Big Decisions." Stanford Law Review Online 64: 63–69.

Part 4: Domestic and Personal Surveillance (Chapters 16–20)

Chapter 16: Home Surveillance

ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union). 2021. The Surveillance Storefront: Ring and Amazon's Neighborhood Surveillance Network. Washington: ACLU.

Marx, Gary T. 2012. "Family Affairs: The Surveillance of Children and Teenagers." In Private Eyes and the Public Interest: Surveillance and Child Protection, edited by Tanya Monahan, 35–52. New York: Springer.

Reeve, Johanna. 2020. "Amazon Ring and the Outsourcing of Police Surveillance." Surveillance and Society 18 (3): 445–451.

Chapters 17–19: Smartphone and Stalkerware

Dragiewicz, Molly, Jean Burgess, Ariadna Matamoros-Fernández, Michael Salter, Nicolas P. Suzor, Delanie Woodlock, and Bridget Harris. 2018. "Technology Facilitated Coercive Control: Domestic Violence and the Competing Roles of Digital Media Platforms." Feminist Media Studies 18 (4): 609–625.

Freed, Diana, Jackeline Palmer, Diana Minchala, Karen Levy, Thomas Ristenpart, and Nicola Dell. 2018. "'A Stalker's Paradise': How Intimate Partner Abusers Exploit Technology." In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.

Woodlock, Delanie. 2017. "The Abuse of Technology in Domestic Violence and Stalking." Violence Against Women 23 (5): 584–602.

Chapters 19–20: Quantified Self

Lupton, Deborah. 2016. The Quantified Self. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Neff, Gina, and Dawn Nafus. 2016. Self-Tracking. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Sharon, Tamar. 2017. "Self-Tracking for Health and the Quantified Self: Re-Articulating Autonomy, Solidarity, and Authenticity in an Age of Personalized Healthcare." Philosophy and Technology 30 (1): 93–121.

Part 5: Environmental and Scientific Surveillance (Chapters 21–25)

Chapters 21–22: Satellites and Ecological Monitoring

Parks, Lisa, and James Schwoch, eds. 2012. Down to Earth: Satellite Technologies, Industries, and Cultures. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

Sandbrook, Chris, Freya A. V. St. John, and Janet Fisher. 2020. "Twenty Percent and Counting: The Ongoing Crisis in Biodiversity Monitoring." Biological Conservation 243: 108445.

Sheppard, Stephen R. J. 2012. Visualizing Climate Change: A Guide to Visual Communication of Climate Change and Developing Local Solutions. New York: Routledge.

Chapter 24: Epidemiological Surveillance

Fairchild, Amy L., Ronald Bayer, James Colgrove, and Daniel Wolfe. 2007. Searching Eyes: Privacy, the State, and Disease Surveillance in America. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gostin, Lawrence O. 2008. Public Health Law: Power, Duty, Restraint. 2nd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Morens, David M., Gregory K. Folkers, and Anthony S. Fauci. 2009. "What Is a Pandemic?" Journal of Infectious Diseases 200 (7): 1018–1021.

Chapter 25: Smart Cities

Greenfield, Adam. 2013. Against the Smart City. New York: Do Projects.

Kitchin, Rob. 2014. "The Real-Time City? Big Data and Smart Urbanism." GeoJournal 79 (1): 1–14.

Sadowski, Jathan, and Frank Pasquale. 2015. "The Spectrum of Control: A Social Theory of the Smart City." First Monday 20 (7).

Zuboff, Shoshana. 2020. "You Are Now Remotely Controlled." New York Times, January 24.

Part 6: Workplace Surveillance (Chapters 26–30)

Chapters 26–29: Workplace Monitoring and Algorithmic Management

Ajunwa, Ifeoma, Kate Crawford, and Jason Schultz. 2017. "Limitless Worker Surveillance." California Law Review 105 (3): 735–776.

Kantor, Jodi, and David Streitfeld. 2015. "Inside Amazon: Wrestling Big Ideas in a Bruising Workplace." New York Times, August 15.

Kantor, Jodi, and Arya Sundaram. 2022. "The Rise of the Worker Productivity Score." New York Times, August 14.

Moore, Phoebe V. 2017. The Quantified Self in Precarity: Work, Technology and What Counts. New York: Routledge.

O'Neil, Cathy. 2016. Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy. New York: Crown.

Prassl, Jeremias. 2018. Humans as a Service: The Promise and Perils of Work in the Gig Economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rosenblat, Alex. 2018. Uberland: How Algorithms Are Rewriting the Rules of Work. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Chapter 30: Whistleblowing

Ellsberg, Daniel. 2002. Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers. New York: Viking.

Givens, Austen D., and Nathan E. Busch. 2019. Protecting Critical Infrastructure: Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Responses. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

Harding, Luke. 2014. The Snowden Files: The Inside Story of the World's Most Wanted Man. New York: Vintage.

Poitras, Laura. 2014. Citizenfour. Documentary film. Radius-TWC.

Part 7: Resistance, Ethics, and Futures (Chapters 31–35)

Chapter 31: Legal Frameworks

Kerr, Orin S. 2015. "The Mosaic Theory of the Fourth Amendment." Michigan Law Review 111 (3): 311–354.

Richards, Neil. 2013. "The Dangers of Surveillance." Harvard Law Review 126 (7): 1934–1965.

Solove, Daniel J. 2004. The Digital Person: Technology and Privacy in the Information Age. New York: NYU Press.

Solove, Daniel J. 2008. Understanding Privacy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Solove, Daniel J. 2011. Nothing to Hide: The False Tradeoff Between Privacy and Security. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Westin, Alan F. 1967. Privacy and Freedom. New York: Atheneum.

Chapter 32: Anonymity and Re-identification

Narayanan, Arvind, and Vitaly Shmatikov. 2008. "Robust De-anonymization of Large Sparse Datasets." In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 111–125.

Sweeney, Latanya. 2002. "k-Anonymity: A Model for Protecting Privacy." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 10 (5): 557–570.

Chapter 33: Encryption and Resistance

Assange, Julian, Jacob Appelbaum, Andy Müller-Maguhn, and Jérémie Zimmermann. 2012. Cypherpunks: Freedom and the Future of the Internet. New York: OR Books.

Electronic Frontier Foundation. Surveillance Self-Defense Guide. San Francisco: EFF. [Ongoing publication; search for current edition.]

Levy, Steven. 2001. Crypto: How the Code Rebels Beat the Government — Saving Privacy in the Digital Age. New York: Viking.

Chapter 34: Surveillance Capitalism Critique

Andrejevic, Mark. 2007. iSpy: Surveillance and Power in the Interactive Era. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.

Foer, Franklin. 2017. World Without Mind: The Existential Threat of Big Monopolies. New York: Penguin Press.

Taddeo, Mariarosaria, and Luciano Floridi, eds. 2016. The Ethics of Information Warfare. Cham: Springer.

Taddeo, Mariarosaria, and Luciano Floridi, eds. 2018. The Debate on Online Platforms and Democracy. Cham: Springer.

Wu, Tim. 2016. The Attention Merchants: The Epic Scramble to Get Inside Our Heads. New York: Knopf.

Chapter 35: Facial Recognition

Garvie, Clare, Alvaro Bedoya, and Jonathan Frankle. 2016. The Perpetual Line-Up: Unregulated Police Face Recognition in America. Washington: Georgetown Law Center on Privacy and Technology.

Raji, Inioluwa Deborah, and Joy Buolamwini. 2019. "Actionable Auditing: Investigating the Impact of Publicly Naming Biased Performance Results of Commercial AI Products." In Proceedings of the 2019 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, 429–435.

Part 8: Capstone and Synthesis (Chapters 36–40)

Chapter 36: Race and Surveillance

Benjamin, Ruha. 2019. Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Browne, Simone. 2015. Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness. Durham: Duke University Press.

Eubanks, Virginia. 2018. Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Ferguson, Andrew Guthrie. 2017. The Rise of Big Data Policing: Surveillance, Race, and the Future of Law Enforcement. New York: NYU Press.

Noble, Safiya Umoja. 2018. Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism. New York: NYU Press.

Richardson, Rashida, Jason Schultz, and Kate Crawford. 2019. "Dirty Data, Bad Predictions: How Civil Rights Violations Impact Police Data, Predictive Policing Systems, and Justice." New York University Law Review Online 94: 192–233.

Chapter 38: Children and Surveillance

Gilliard, Chris, and David Golumbia. 2021. Digital Redlining, Access, and Privacy. Educause Review.

Marwick, Alice E. 2020. The Privacy Paradox. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Steeves, Valerie. 2006. "It's Not Child's Play: The Online Invasion of Children's Privacy." University of Ottawa Law and Technology Journal 3 (1): 169–188.

Chapters 39–40: Future and Design

Dwork, Cynthia, and Aaron Roth. 2014. "The Algorithmic Foundations of Differential Privacy." Foundations and Trends in Theoretical Computer Science 9 (3–4): 211–407.

Eubanks, Virginia. 2011. Digital Dead End: Fighting for Social Justice in the Information Age. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Hoffmann, Anna Lauren. 2019. "Where Fairness Fails: Data, Algorithms, and the Limits of Antidiscrimination Discourse." Information, Communication and Society 22 (7): 900–915.

Mitchell, Margaret, Simone Wu, Andrew Zaldivar, Parker Barnes, Lucy Vasserman, Ben Hutchinson, Elena Spitzer, Inioluwa Deborah Raji, and Timnit Gebru. 2019. "Model Cards for Model Reporting." In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 220–229.

Cross-Disciplinary Reading Lists

List A: Essential Starting Points (For Students New to the Field)

Brunton, Finn, and Helen Nissenbaum. 2015. Obfuscation: A User's Guide for Privacy and Protest. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Eubanks, Virginia. 2018. Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Schneier, Bruce. 2015. Data and Goliath: The Hidden Battles to Collect Your Data and Control Your World. New York: Norton.

Solove, Daniel J. 2011. Nothing to Hide: The False Tradeoff Between Privacy and Security. New Haven: Yale University Press.

List B: Theoretical Foundations

Bauman, Zygmunt, and David Lyon. 2013. Liquid Surveillance: A Conversation. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Foucault, Michel. 1977. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Pantheon.

Haggerty, Kevin D., and Richard V. Ericson. 2000. "The Surveillant Assemblage." British Journal of Sociology 51 (4): 605–622.

Lyon, David. 2001. Surveillance Society: Monitoring Everyday Life. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Mathiesen, Thomas. 1997. "The Viewer Society." Theoretical Criminology 1 (2): 215–234.

Zuboff, Shoshana. 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism. New York: PublicAffairs.

List C: Race, Inequality, and Surveillance

Benjamin, Ruha. 2019. Race After Technology. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Browne, Simone. 2015. Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness. Durham: Duke University Press.

Eubanks, Virginia. 2018. Automating Inequality. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Noble, Safiya Umoja. 2018. Algorithms of Oppression. New York: NYU Press.

O'Neil, Cathy. 2016. Weapons of Math Destruction. New York: Crown.

List D: Law and Rights

Cohen, Julie E. 2019. Between Truth and Power. New York: Oxford University Press.

Pasquale, Frank. 2015. The Black Box Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Richards, Neil M. 2021. Why Privacy Matters. New York: Oxford University Press.

Solove, Daniel J. 2008. Understanding Privacy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Warren, Samuel D., and Louis D. Brandeis. 1890. "The Right to Privacy." Harvard Law Review 4 (5): 193–220.

Westin, Alan F. 1967. Privacy and Freedom. New York: Atheneum.

List E: Technology, Power, and Capitalism

Couldry, Nick, and Ulises A. Mejias. 2019. The Costs of Connection. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Morozov, Evgeny. 2013. To Save Everything, Click Here. New York: PublicAffairs.

Turow, Joseph. 2011. The Daily You. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Wu, Tim. 2016. The Attention Merchants. New York: Knopf.

List F: Historical Perspectives

Cole, Simon. 2001. Suspect Identities. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Donner, Frank J. 1990. Protectors of Privilege. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Torpey, John. 2000. The Invention of the Passport. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

US Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations. 1976. Church Committee Report.

List G: Practical Privacy and Resistance

Cavoukian, Ann. 2009. Privacy by Design: The 7 Foundational Principles. Toronto: Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario.

Electronic Frontier Foundation. Surveillance Self-Defense Guide. San Francisco: EFF.

Levy, Steven. 2001. Crypto. New York: Viking.

Schneier, Bruce. 2018. Click Here to Kill Everybody. New York: Norton.

List H: Documentaries and Films

Citizenfour. 2014. Directed by Laura Poitras. United States: Radius-TWC.

13th. 2016. Directed by Ava DuVernay. United States: Netflix.

The Great Hack. 2019. Directed by Karim Amer and Jehane Noujaim. United States: Netflix.

I, Robot. 2004. [For class discussion of fictional surveillance futures.]

Minority Report. 2002. [For class discussion of predictive policing and pre-crime logic.]

The Social Dilemma. 2020. Directed by Jeff Orlowski. United States: Netflix.

Terms and Conditions May Apply. 2013. Directed by Cullen Hoback. United States.

The Circle. 2017. [Film adaptation of Dave Eggers's novel; for discussion of voluntary comprehensive surveillance.]

List I: Podcasts and Audio

Darknet Diaries. [Podcast on hacking, breaches, and cybercrime; episodes relevant to surveillance.]

In Machines We Trust. MIT Technology Review. [Podcast on AI and algorithmic systems.]

Privacy Paradox. Note to Self / WNYC. [Accessible introduction to personal privacy management.]

Radiolab: More or Less: Who's Watching You? WNYC. [Selected episodes on surveillance themes.]

Reply All. Gimlet Media. [Selected episodes on tech and privacy culture.]

Your Undivided Attention. Center for Humane Technology. [Podcast on tech design and attention economy.]

Key Journals in Surveillance Studies

Big Data and Society. London: SAGE.

Communication, Culture and Critique. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

First Monday. Chicago: University of Illinois at Chicago Library.

Information, Communication and Society. New York: Taylor and Francis.

New Media and Society. London: SAGE.

Surveillance and Society. Open Access, University of Toronto.

Selected Court Opinions and Government Documents

Carpenter v. United States, 585 U.S. 296 (2018). US Supreme Court.

Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967). US Supreme Court.

Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001). US Supreme Court.

Riley v. California, 573 U.S. 373 (2014). US Supreme Court.

Smith v. Maryland, 442 U.S. 735 (1979). US Supreme Court.

United States v. Jones, 565 U.S. 400 (2012). US Supreme Court.

US Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board. 2014. Report on the Telephone Records Program Conducted Under Section 215 of the USA PATRIOT Act and on the Operations of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court. Washington: PCLOB.

European Data Protection Board. 2020. Guidelines on Concepts of Controller and Processor in the GDPR. Brussels: EDPB.

European Parliament. 2016. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (General Data Protection Regulation). Official Journal of the European Union.

This bibliography is comprehensive but not exhaustive. The field of surveillance studies is active; students and instructors should supplement this list with current scholarship published in the journals listed above. The Surveillance Studies Network maintains an online bibliography that is regularly updated. For primary source documents related to surveillance programs, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, ACLU, and ProPublica maintain searchable archives of government documents obtained through Freedom of Information Act requests.