Quiz: Sustainability

21 items: 12 multiple choice · 5 true/false · 3 short answer · 1 applied scenario with rubric.

Answers in <details>. Attempt each before opening.


Part 1 — Multiple Choice (12)

Q1. At almost every event, the largest single footprint line is:

(a) Food and beverage (b) Guest travel (c) Energy and generators (d) Waste and materials

Answer **(b)** — typically **50–90%**, and dominated by anybody who flies. **The Reyes–Whitfield wedding was 94% travel.**

Q2. One long-haul return flight is roughly equivalent to:

(a) 40 beef dinners (b) 400 beef dinners, or 150,000 disposable forks (c) 4,000 beef dinners (d) A day of generator running

Answer **(b).** Which is why **a planner who spends their sustainability effort on cutlery has bought the feeling of having acted.**

Q3. The significant choices are not on standard checklists because:

(a) People are not serious about sustainability (b) The data does not exist (c) They do not look like sustainability choices — they look like guest-list and menu conversations (d) They are too expensive

Answer **(c).** *"How many people and how far"* is a guest-list conversation; *"what's the main course"* is a menu conversation. **Nobody files them under environment.**

Q4. Of the eight footprint-estimation steps, the two that are 80–95% of the answer:

(a) Boundary and materials (b) Freight and energy (c) Guests and food (d) Waste and accommodation

Answer **(c)** — and they take about **twenty minutes between them.** **Everything else is refinement of a rounding error**, and the ranking is the output while the total is decoration.

Q5. The largest food lever is:

(a) Whether ingredients are local (b) Whether ingredients are organic (c) What the protein is (d) Whether packaging is compostable

Answer **(c).** **Beef and lamb are three to five times a chicken dish and five to ten times a vegetarian one.** "Local" is frequently over-credited — **transport is typically under 10% of a food item's footprint.**

Q6. Switching 100 beef mains to chicken saves roughly:

(a) 40 kg CO₂e (b) 350–450 kg CO₂e — about one guest's short-haul return flight (c) 4 tonnes (d) Nothing measurable

Answer **(b)** — **and it usually costs less**, which makes it the only large lever in the chapter that saves the client money.

Q7. In the reuse hierarchy, most event sustainability starts at:

(a) Prevent (b) Reuse (c) Redistribute (d) Recycle

Answer **(d)** — **and the money is in tiers one to three.** **Prevent is the only free tier**: not ordering the favours nobody wants.

Q8. The real obstacle to donating surplus food is usually:

(a) The law (b) The belief about the law (c) Cost (d) Guest objections

Answer **(b).** *"We're not allowed to, for liability reasons"* is said by caterers who have never checked. **Many jurisdictions have specific good-faith protections** — **and food safety requirements are real and are not waived.** Establish what applies, in writing, before promising anything.

Q9. "Compostable" is:

(a) A property of an object (b) A property of an object plus a facility (c) A regulated term with a single meaning (d) Equivalent to biodegradable

Answer **(b).** Most such products are **commercially** compostable and behave roughly like plastic in a home heap or a landfill. **The questions are whether the facility exists, whether the contractor uses it, and whether the bins will be clean enough** — because **a contaminated load goes to landfill entire.**

Q10. The single most effective question to ask about a sustainability claim:

(a) "Are you certified?" (b) "Is it recyclable?" (c) "Can you show me the number?" (d) "Is it locally sourced?"

Answer **(c)** — **and it ends most conversations.** The others: compared to what · who verified it · what share of your total · what happens afterwards.

Q11. When a corporate client's sustainability team asks for the event's emissions, you should send:

(a) Your own emissions calculation as a spreadsheet (b) The underlying activity data, with the boundary stated (c) A certificate (d) Nothing, since it is their responsibility

Answer **(b).** Passenger-km by mode, room-nights, covers by menu type, kWh, vehicle-km — **and let their team apply their own factors and methodology.** **A number you produced in an afternoon becomes a line in a disclosure with legal weight.**

Q12. Offsetting should be:

(a) Reported as a reduction (b) The first line of a sustainability budget (c) Reduced to first, with the residual reported honestly and the purchase named (d) Avoided entirely

Answer **(c).** **It is not a reduction and should never be reported as one.** Market quality is contested and verification is hard. **Say what you bought, from whom, verified by whom — and never let it substitute for the venue decision.**

Part 2 — True or False (5)

Q13. A high waste-diversion rate is a strong carbon achievement.

Answer **False, and the distinction matters.** **83% diverted is a genuine achievement and about 15 kg of avoided CO₂e** against a wedding footprint of several thousand. **Report it as waste diversion, which it is** — not as a carbon achievement, which it is not.

Q14. Waste work is not worth doing, since it is under 2% of emissions.

Answer **False.** **Its value is not carbon.** A hundred kilograms of plastic film in a rural landfill is a real harm that the carbon number scores at almost zero — **which is exactly why §35.4a exists: a carbon number does not see water, biodiversity, local pollution, plastic persistence, or labour conditions.**

Q15. A locally grown flower always has a lower footprint than an imported one.

Answer **False.** **Imported stems grown in high natural sunlight can have a lower carbon footprint than local greenhouse-grown ones raised with heat** — **and a considerably larger water and land footprint, sometimes where water is scarce.** Use carbon to decide where the effort goes; **use judgment about everything else once you are there.**

Q16. Guests should be told about the event's environmental impact so they can learn from it.

Answer **False as stated.** **Nobody came to be educated.** State it once, briefly, in a place people are already reading; **say what was done, not what people should do**; and **never make a guest feel their attendance was a problem.** They were invited.

Q17. A planner can certify their own event's sustainability performance.

Answer **False.** **Certification is a third-party function**, and a planner who signs off their own claim has misunderstood the word. **You can measure, report the boundary, and state that figures are estimates.**

Part 3 — Short Answer (3)

Q18. Explain why most event sustainability is theatre, without accusing anybody of insincerity.

Answer **Because the visible choices and the significant choices are almost entirely different sets.** **Single-use plastics, recycling, local flowers, no confetti, digital invitations are all real — and together typically under five per cent of the footprint.** **Guest travel and food are 60–95%** and appear on no checklist, because they do not look like environmental decisions. **And the second mechanism is measurement:** waste is countable and weighable, **travel emissions are diffuse, borne by others, and impossible to weigh** — so the boundary gets drawn where the data is. **The result is an impressive diversion rate, a list of local suppliers, and no mention of the largest line. It is not dishonest, and the effect is the same.**

Q19. Give the travel levers in order, and say which are not a planner's to decide.

Answer **Where the event is relative to the guests · how many come · whether it is a destination event · coaches and shuttles · on-site accommodation · car-sharing · vendor freight · offsetting.** **The first three are the biggest and all three belong to the client** — and are usually decided before a planner is engaged. **Which is precisely why raising them early, once, factually, is the highest-value act in this chapter** — and why the script mentions turnout and guests getting home, **because the argument that also serves the client's own interest is the one that survives the year.**

Q20. State the conflict of interest in §35.9 and its practical resolution.

Answer **A planner's income scales with event size and budget.** A planner paid a percentage has a direct financial interest in more guests, more suppliers, and a more elaborate event — **and every one of those increases the footprint.** **The most sustainable version of most events is a smaller one closer to home.** **That does not make the advice dishonest. It makes it advice given by somebody with an interest**, which a reader is entitled to know. **The resolution is not to refuse work.** **It is to make sure the client hears the largest levers early, in plain terms, and then to build whatever they choose, well** — **you supply the arithmetic; they supply the decision.**

Part 4 — Applied Scenario (1)

Q21. A pharmaceutical company's investigator meeting. 340 attendees from 26 countries, four days, a European city, €1.4M. Roughly 240 fly, of whom 90 long-haul. The company reports under a mandatory sustainability regime and its team has asked you for event emissions data. The event owner wants "the greenest possible meeting" and has €55,000 for it.

Produce: the footprint estimate by line · the one change worth more than everything else · what you send the sustainability team · how you allocate the €55,000 · and the claim the client can honestly make.

Rubric — 30 points **Footprint (7 pts).** Must show aviation dominating — **90 long-haul at ~2,400 kg ≈ 216 t; 150 short-haul at ~400 kg ≈ 60 t; accommodation ~1,360 room-nights at ~20 kg ≈ 27 t; catering 340 × 4 days × ~6 kg ≈ 8 t; venue, AV, freight, materials a few tonnes.** **Total ≈ 315 t, of which ~88% aviation.** *7 = lines ranked with working shown; 4 = ranking without arithmetic; 0 = no ranking.* **The one change (5 pts).** **Reducing who has to fly** — a hybrid or regional model, or fewer attendees for fewer days. **Strong answers note that this is a programme decision, belongs to the event owner, and is Chapter 31's territory.** *Deduct 3 for any answer that names catering, materials, or venue energy as the largest lever.* **The data pack (6 pts).** **Activity data, not emissions:** passenger-km or origin/destination pairs by mode, room-nights, covers by menu type, venue kWh, freight vehicle-km. **Boundary stated. Figures labelled as estimates.** *6 = correct structure plus the reason; 3 = correct structure only; 0 = sends a spreadsheet of emissions.* **The €55,000 (7 pts).** Strong allocation, roughly in this order: **a genuine hybrid capability for sessions not requiring attendance** · **the activity-data system so next year is measured** · **rail incentives and a booking default where competitive** · **on-site measures (waste, catering, energy) as a small, honest line** · **and offsets last, named, for the residual.** *Deduct 4 if most of the money goes to on-site operations — that optimises ~12% and ignores ~88%.* **The claim (5 pts).** **Must not be "carbon neutral."** Strong: *"We measured it; 88% is attendee travel; we reduced it X% with a hybrid track; we're moving to a regional model; we have offset Y tonnes of the residual through Z."* *5 = specific, honest, and defensible under questioning; 2 = vague; 0 = an unsupportable neutrality claim.* **Bonus (3 pts).** Noticing that **investigator meetings are subject to their own regulatory and transparency constraints in pharma**, and that **a hybrid model may be constrained by requirements about how investigators are trained and documented** — **so the largest lever must be checked against a rule set outside this chapter before it is proposed.**