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Bibliography and Sources
⚠️ A note on how this bibliography is built, because it is not conventional and the reason matters.
⚠️ This book followed a citation discipline set out in its own methods (Ch 3): named studies are named only where they are real, identifiable and checkable; hedged generalities are hedged; and nothing was given a fabricated DOI, sample size, p-value or journal pairing to look authoritative.
⚠️ So this page lists WHAT TO LOOK UP and WHERE, rather than a formatted reference list padded with citations nobody will check. ⚠️ Every named source below is real and findable.
⚠️ 1. Named studies and programmes cited in the text
⚠️ These are the Tier 1 sources — real, identifiable, and worth reading directly.
| ⚠️ Source | ⚠️ What it is | ⚠️ Chapter |
|---|---|---|
| ⚠️ ATBC and CARET trials | ⚠️ Beta-carotene supplementation trials; the book's recurring cautionary template | 2, 13 |
| ⚠️ Keys et al., The Biology of Human Starvation (1950) | ⚠️ The Minnesota Starvation Experiment | 33, 34 |
| ⚠️ Hall et al., ultra-processed food ward trial | ⚠️ NIH inpatient crossover; the strongest single piece of evidence in Part IV | 22 |
| ⚠️ Sumithran et al., appetite after weight loss | ⚠️ Persistent hormonal changes; the basis of Ch 24 §24.5 | 24 |
| ⚠️ Fothergill et al., Biggest Loser follow-up | ⚠️ Metabolic adaptation; small and extreme, and reported as such | 5, 24 |
| ⚠️ DiRECT trial | ⚠️ Weight loss and type 2 diabetes remission; dose–response | 26 |
| ⚠️ Zeevi, Korem, Segal, Elinav et al., Cell (2015) | ⚠️ Personalized glycaemic response prediction | 35 |
| ⚠️ PREDICT studies (Berry, Spector, Segata et al.) | ⚠️ Postprandial responses in twins and cohorts | 35 |
| ⚠️ DIETFITS (Gardner et al., JAMA 2018) | ⚠️ Pre-specified genotype and insulin hypotheses, both falsified | 35 |
| ⚠️ Poore and Nemecek, Science (2018) | ⚠️ Food's environmental impacts across producers and consumers | 36 |
| ⚠️ EAT-Lancet Commission | ⚠️ Healthy diets from sustainable food systems — and read the critiques | 36 |
| ⚠️ NutriNet-Santé cohort | ⚠️ Source of the meal-planning associations, and observational | 31 |
| ⚠️ WRAP household food waste reports | ⚠️ The best practical waste data available | 31, 32, 36 |
| ⚠️ Cornell Food and Brand Lab (Wansink) — RETRACTIONS | ⚠️ Cited as a caution, not a source. Much of this work was retracted and remains in circulation | 33 |
⚠️ Where this book gave a figure from one of these, it gave the figure the study reported. ⚠️ The two that trip the book's own citation validator — Ch 22's
n = 20and Ch 24'sn = 14— are logged, legitimate, and deliberately not "fixed," because they are real enrolled samples in named trials and both chapters state the limitation openly.
2. Named researchers and bodies of work
⚠️ Adam Drewnowski — energy cost and diet quality; the source of Chapter 32's central point. ⚠️ Kent Berridge and Terry Robinson — wanting versus liking; incentive salience. ⚠️ Leann Birch — development of children's food preferences; restriction and pressure. ⚠️ Ellyn Satter — the division of responsibility in feeding. ⚠️ Christopher Fairburn — CBT-E, and Overcoming Binge Eating. ⚠️ James Lock and Daniel Le Grange — family-based treatment. ⚠️ Wendy Wood — habit, and the self-control finding Chapter 33 §33.12 rests on. ⚠️ Peter Gollwitzer — implementation intentions. ⚠️ Christopher Gardner — DIETFITS, and unusually candid about a null result he did not want. ⚠️ Carlos Monteiro and colleagues — the NOVA classification. ⚠️ Ancel Keys — Minnesota, and the wider dietary fat history. ⚠️ Evelyn Tribole and Elyse Resch — Intuitive Eating. ⚠️ Ben Goldacre — Bad Science, Bad Pharma; the general training in reasoning.
3. ⚠️ Institutional and reference sources
⚠️ These are where to go for anything current, because a book cannot be.
| ⚠️ Category | ⚠️ Where |
|---|---|
| ⚠️ National dietary guidelines | ⚠️ Read the EVIDENCE REVIEW documents, not the summary — free, enormous, and almost nobody reads them |
| ⚠️ Food composition | USDA FoodData Central · McCance & Widdowson (UK) · national equivalents |
| ⚠️ Nutrient reference values | NIH Office of Dietary Supplements · EFSA · national committees |
| ⚠️ Food safety | ⚠️ Food Standards Agency (UK) · USDA/FDA · EFSA. Ch 31 calls this the one obligatory read |
| ⚠️ Food labelling law | ⚠️ EU FIC Regulation · national labelling regulations. Chapter 30's ✅s live here |
| ⚠️ Clinical guidelines | NICE · RANZCP · APA · national equivalents |
| ⚠️ Eating disorders | ⚠️ Your national eating disorders organization — Ch 34 §34.14 explains why no number is printed here |
| ⚠️ Food security statistics | USDA household food security reports · DEFRA/FSA family food surveys |
| ⚠️ Waste | UNEP Food Waste Index · FAO · WRAP |
| ⚠️ Sports nutrition | IOC consensus statements, including RED-S — and note how much they have been revised |
| ⚠️ Systematic reviews | ⚠️ Cochrane. Read the quality-of-evidence ratings; this book's verdict scale is a simplified version |
4. ⚠️ How to check anything in this book
⚠️ Four steps, and they take about fifteen minutes.
⚠️ 1. Find the claim in Appendix E. ⚠️ It gives the verdict and the chapter.
⚠️ 2. Read the chapter's argument, not just the verdict. ⚠️ The reasoning is the content (Ch 38 §38.2).
⚠️ 3. Search the named study or body of work above. ⚠️ Most are free or have free abstracts, and several are open access.
⚠️ 4. Then run Appendix D's six questions on what you find — ⚠️ including on this book.
⚠️ Chapter 38 §38.4's question 4 asked you to name the claim you are least confident the author got right. This section is how you would check it.
5. ⚠️ What is not cited here, and why
⚠️ No fabricated references. ⚠️ The book's methods forbade inventing DOIs, journal pairings, sample sizes or precise statistics to create an appearance of rigour, and this bibliography follows the same rule.
⚠️ No exhaustive reference list. ⚠️ A general-audience book with four hundred formatted citations nobody checks is performing rigour rather than exercising it, and Chapter 3 is about that distinction.
⚠️ No citations for Part VI's practical content. ⚠️ Chapter 31 §31.16 conceded plainly that it is craft rather than science — "closer to craft than to science, and I would rather say so than dress practical advice in the vocabulary of trials."
⚠️ And no primary sources for the hedged generalities. ⚠️ Where the book said "the evidence generally suggests" without naming a study, that was deliberate — the claim rests on a body of work rather than on a paper, and naming one paper would have overstated it.
⚠️ If a claim in this book matters to you and has no named source, that is information: it means the book is reporting a general direction rather than a specific finding, and you should hold it accordingly.
6. Chapter-by-chapter further reading
⚠️ Every chapter has its own further-reading.md with sources specific to it, annotated, and with
"read with caution" sections where the literature has known problems.
⚠️ The ones most worth reading directly, if you read only a few:
| Ch 2 | ⚠️ The evidence ladder and healthy-user bias — the foundation |
|---|---|
| Ch 3 | ⚠️ Funding, publication bias and self-reported intake |
| Ch 22 | ⚠️ The ward trial, read in full |
| Ch 33 | ⚠️ Berridge and Robinson on wanting versus liking |
| Ch 34 | ⚠️ Your national eating disorders organization |
| Ch 35 | ⚠️ Zeevi 2015's results section, then any company citing it |
| Ch 36 | ⚠️ Poore and Nemecek's figures, then EAT-Lancet's dietary pattern |
| Ch 37 | ⚠️ Three countries' dietary guidelines, side by side |