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Bibliography and Sources

⚠️ A note on how this bibliography is built, because it is not conventional and the reason matters.

⚠️ This book followed a citation discipline set out in its own methods (Ch 3): named studies are named only where they are real, identifiable and checkable; hedged generalities are hedged; and nothing was given a fabricated DOI, sample size, p-value or journal pairing to look authoritative.

⚠️ So this page lists WHAT TO LOOK UP and WHERE, rather than a formatted reference list padded with citations nobody will check. ⚠️ Every named source below is real and findable.


⚠️ 1. Named studies and programmes cited in the text

⚠️ These are the Tier 1 sources — real, identifiable, and worth reading directly.

⚠️ Source ⚠️ What it is ⚠️ Chapter
⚠️ ATBC and CARET trials ⚠️ Beta-carotene supplementation trials; the book's recurring cautionary template 2, 13
⚠️ Keys et al., The Biology of Human Starvation (1950) ⚠️ The Minnesota Starvation Experiment 33, 34
⚠️ Hall et al., ultra-processed food ward trial ⚠️ NIH inpatient crossover; the strongest single piece of evidence in Part IV 22
⚠️ Sumithran et al., appetite after weight loss ⚠️ Persistent hormonal changes; the basis of Ch 24 §24.5 24
⚠️ Fothergill et al., Biggest Loser follow-up ⚠️ Metabolic adaptation; small and extreme, and reported as such 5, 24
⚠️ DiRECT trial ⚠️ Weight loss and type 2 diabetes remission; dose–response 26
⚠️ Zeevi, Korem, Segal, Elinav et al., Cell (2015) ⚠️ Personalized glycaemic response prediction 35
⚠️ PREDICT studies (Berry, Spector, Segata et al.) ⚠️ Postprandial responses in twins and cohorts 35
⚠️ DIETFITS (Gardner et al., JAMA 2018) ⚠️ Pre-specified genotype and insulin hypotheses, both falsified 35
⚠️ Poore and Nemecek, Science (2018) ⚠️ Food's environmental impacts across producers and consumers 36
⚠️ EAT-Lancet Commission ⚠️ Healthy diets from sustainable food systems — and read the critiques 36
⚠️ NutriNet-Santé cohort ⚠️ Source of the meal-planning associations, and observational 31
⚠️ WRAP household food waste reports ⚠️ The best practical waste data available 31, 32, 36
⚠️ Cornell Food and Brand Lab (Wansink) — RETRACTIONS ⚠️ Cited as a caution, not a source. Much of this work was retracted and remains in circulation 33

⚠️ Where this book gave a figure from one of these, it gave the figure the study reported. ⚠️ The two that trip the book's own citation validator — Ch 22's n = 20 and Ch 24's n = 14 — are logged, legitimate, and deliberately not "fixed," because they are real enrolled samples in named trials and both chapters state the limitation openly.


2. Named researchers and bodies of work

⚠️ Adam Drewnowski — energy cost and diet quality; the source of Chapter 32's central point. ⚠️ Kent Berridge and Terry Robinson — wanting versus liking; incentive salience. ⚠️ Leann Birch — development of children's food preferences; restriction and pressure. ⚠️ Ellyn Satter — the division of responsibility in feeding. ⚠️ Christopher Fairburn — CBT-E, and Overcoming Binge Eating. ⚠️ James Lock and Daniel Le Grange — family-based treatment. ⚠️ Wendy Wood — habit, and the self-control finding Chapter 33 §33.12 rests on. ⚠️ Peter Gollwitzer — implementation intentions. ⚠️ Christopher Gardner — DIETFITS, and unusually candid about a null result he did not want. ⚠️ Carlos Monteiro and colleagues — the NOVA classification. ⚠️ Ancel Keys — Minnesota, and the wider dietary fat history. ⚠️ Evelyn Tribole and Elyse ReschIntuitive Eating. ⚠️ Ben GoldacreBad Science, Bad Pharma; the general training in reasoning.


3. ⚠️ Institutional and reference sources

⚠️ These are where to go for anything current, because a book cannot be.

⚠️ Category ⚠️ Where
⚠️ National dietary guidelines ⚠️ Read the EVIDENCE REVIEW documents, not the summary — free, enormous, and almost nobody reads them
⚠️ Food composition USDA FoodData Central · McCance & Widdowson (UK) · national equivalents
⚠️ Nutrient reference values NIH Office of Dietary Supplements · EFSA · national committees
⚠️ Food safety ⚠️ Food Standards Agency (UK) · USDA/FDA · EFSA. Ch 31 calls this the one obligatory read
⚠️ Food labelling law ⚠️ EU FIC Regulation · national labelling regulations. Chapter 30's ✅s live here
⚠️ Clinical guidelines NICE · RANZCP · APA · national equivalents
⚠️ Eating disorders ⚠️ Your national eating disorders organization — Ch 34 §34.14 explains why no number is printed here
⚠️ Food security statistics USDA household food security reports · DEFRA/FSA family food surveys
⚠️ Waste UNEP Food Waste Index · FAO · WRAP
⚠️ Sports nutrition IOC consensus statements, including RED-S — and note how much they have been revised
⚠️ Systematic reviews ⚠️ Cochrane. Read the quality-of-evidence ratings; this book's verdict scale is a simplified version

4. ⚠️ How to check anything in this book

⚠️ Four steps, and they take about fifteen minutes.

⚠️ 1. Find the claim in Appendix E. ⚠️ It gives the verdict and the chapter.

⚠️ 2. Read the chapter's argument, not just the verdict. ⚠️ The reasoning is the content (Ch 38 §38.2).

⚠️ 3. Search the named study or body of work above. ⚠️ Most are free or have free abstracts, and several are open access.

⚠️ 4. Then run Appendix D's six questions on what you find — ⚠️ including on this book.

⚠️ Chapter 38 §38.4's question 4 asked you to name the claim you are least confident the author got right. This section is how you would check it.


5. ⚠️ What is not cited here, and why

⚠️ No fabricated references. ⚠️ The book's methods forbade inventing DOIs, journal pairings, sample sizes or precise statistics to create an appearance of rigour, and this bibliography follows the same rule.

⚠️ No exhaustive reference list. ⚠️ A general-audience book with four hundred formatted citations nobody checks is performing rigour rather than exercising it, and Chapter 3 is about that distinction.

⚠️ No citations for Part VI's practical content. ⚠️ Chapter 31 §31.16 conceded plainly that it is craft rather than science — "closer to craft than to science, and I would rather say so than dress practical advice in the vocabulary of trials."

⚠️ And no primary sources for the hedged generalities. ⚠️ Where the book said "the evidence generally suggests" without naming a study, that was deliberate — the claim rests on a body of work rather than on a paper, and naming one paper would have overstated it.

⚠️ If a claim in this book matters to you and has no named source, that is information: it means the book is reporting a general direction rather than a specific finding, and you should hold it accordingly.


6. Chapter-by-chapter further reading

⚠️ Every chapter has its own further-reading.md with sources specific to it, annotated, and with "read with caution" sections where the literature has known problems.

⚠️ The ones most worth reading directly, if you read only a few:

Ch 2 ⚠️ The evidence ladder and healthy-user bias — the foundation
Ch 3 ⚠️ Funding, publication bias and self-reported intake
Ch 22 ⚠️ The ward trial, read in full
Ch 33 ⚠️ Berridge and Robinson on wanting versus liking
Ch 34 ⚠️ Your national eating disorders organization
Ch 35 ⚠️ Zeevi 2015's results section, then any company citing it
Ch 36 ⚠️ Poore and Nemecek's figures, then EAT-Lancet's dietary pattern
Ch 37 ⚠️ Three countries' dietary guidelines, side by side